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THE SCIENCE · STUDIES
The Science
This page provides a curated index of representative peer-reviewed research investigating biological effects of electromagnetic fields and radiofrequency radiation beyond short-term thermal heating models.

It is not exhaustive, and inclusion here should not be read as “proof” of causation — it’s an orientation tool to help readers understand what is being studied and why conclusions differ.

SUPPORTING RESEARCH

Supporting research overview

This page is a curated index of representative peer-reviewed research investigating biological effects of electromagnetic fields and radiofrequency radiation beyond short-term thermal heating models. It is not exhaustive, and inclusion here should not be read as “proof” of causation — it’s an orientation tool to help readers understand what is being studied and why conclusions differ.

How to use this

Representative, not exhaustive

The research landscape includes primary studies (in vitro, in vivo, epidemiology), reviews/meta-analyses, and mechanistic proposals. These are not interchangeable. Where possible, entries below are labeled by study type.

If you’re looking for practical steps rather than research mapping, return to the “What you can do” section. This page is for readers who want to see the contours of the evidence base in a structured way.

A fuller bibliography and additional categories will be added over time.

Browse by category

Study categories

Use these six categories to navigate the supporting research pages. Each page summarises representative studies and points to common points of debate in that area.

Cancer & tumour epidemiology Latency, exposure modelling, case-control vs cohort findings, and interpretation disputes. Genotoxicity & DNA damage DNA strand breaks, chromosomal instability, sperm DNA fragmentation, and related endpoints. Neurological & neuropsychiatric effects Sleep/EEG, cognition, stress signalling, symptoms, and nervous system-relevant findings. Oxidative stress & ROS Reactive oxygen species, antioxidant disruption, lipid peroxidation, and downstream effects. Pulsation & modulation Why waveform, peaks, duty cycle, and modulation may matter beyond averaged exposure. Reproductive outcomes Sperm quality, endocrine signalling, ovarian effects, fertility-related outcomes.